GOAL BASED STANDARDS (GBS)

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GOAL BASED SHIP CONSTRUCTION:----
Goal based ship design and structure was first presented in 2002 in MSC 76 after a proposal was given by BAHAMAS and GREECE in 89th session of council. They suggested that IMO should play a larger role in determining the standard to which new ships are built, traditionally the responsibility of classification society and shipyards.
         It was adopted in 2010 at MSC 87. It will be applied to oil tankers and bulk carriers starting in 2016. It means whose building contract is placed on/after 1st July 2016. In the absence of building contract keel laid on/after 1st July 2017. And whose delivery is on/after 1st July 2020.
IMO Goal based standards are:-
1) Broad, overarching safety, environmental and/or security standards that ships are required to meet during their lifecycle.
2) The required level to be achieved by the requirements applied by classification societies, other RO, administration and IMO.
3) Clear, demonstrable, verifiable, long standing, implementable and achievable, irrespective of ship design and technology.
4) Specific enough in order not to be open to differing interpretation.
              These basic principles were developed to be applicable to all goal based new ship construction standard. In the near future IMO may develop goal based standards for other areas e.g. machinery, equipment, fire protection etc.
    The committee agreed in principle on a five tier system.
                     
                           Tier 1           GOALS                                               ----- IMO
                        Tier 2           FUNCTIONAL
                                           REQUIREMENT
                  Tier 3          VERIFICATION AND
                                    ACCEPTANCE   CRITERIA
          Tier 4        IACS CSR FOR OIL TANKER AND
                                BULK CARRIER                                          ------    IACS
Tier 5                  PROCEDURE AND QUALITY SYSTEM               ------       INDUSTRY

TIER 1 :- GOALS –
Ships are to designed and constructed for a specified design life to be safe and environmentally friendly when properly operated and maintained under the specified operating and environmental condition, in intact and specified damage condition, throughout their life.
               Here safety also includes the ship structure being arranged to provide safe access, escape, inspection and proper maintenance.
TIER 2:- FUNCTIONAL REQUIRMENT ----
A set of requirements relevant to the functions of the ship structure is to be complied with in order to meet the above mentioned goals. It consists of:-
a)DESIGN:--
 1) Design life :- 25 years design life
2) Environmental condition:- North Atlantic environment
3) Structural strength:-  Suitable safety margin at net scantling
4) Fatigue life:- 25 years fatigue life in north Atlantic
5) Residual strength:- Sufficient
6) Protection against corrosion:- Coating design life specified.
7) Structural redundancy
8) Water tight and weather tight integrity
9) Human element consideration
10) Design transparency
  b) CONSTRUCTION:-
   11) Construction quality procedures
   12) Survey
  c) IN SERVICE CONSIDERATION:-
    13) Survey and maintenance
    14) Structural accessibility
  d) RECYCLING CONSIDERATION:-
    15) Recycling
 TIER 3:- VERIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE
             It provides the instruments necessary for demonstrating that the detailed requirement in TIER 4 and TIER 5 comply with TIER 1 goals and TIER 2 functional requirements. Verification process is:-
1) RO or administration submits request for verification of its rule.
2) IMO appointed audit teams review.
3) Report of audit team goes to MSC
4) MSC takes decision on conformity with GBS
  TIER 4:- Technical procedures and guidelines, including national and international guidelines.
  TIER 5:- Industry standard, codes of practices and safety and quality systems for ship building, operation, maintenance, training etc.
SHIP CONSTRUCTION FILE:- it will contain the specific information on how the functional requirements of the GBS have been applied in ship design and construction. It shall be provided upon delivery of a new ship, and kept on board a ship and/or ashore. It should be updated as appropriate throughout ship’s life. Contents of SCF shall at least conform to the guidelines.



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