How internal audit identifies lack of proper training of personnel?

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Element 12 of ISM code, company verification, review and evaluation makes it mandatory for the company to control the shore and ship based safety management system and pollution prevention activities by means of internal audits. Internal audits are to be carried out annually. It is a form of self verification.
                                    It will identify, where appropriate with regard to training
1) procedures -- Bunkering, use of machinery checks - arrival, departure etc.
2) Documents -- Oil record book, log book, permit to work etc.
3) Personnel -- Training records, familiarization location and use of safety equipment.
4) Corrective action -- Report of accidents, near miss application
5) Equipment -- Maintenance and operation of OWS, LSA, FFA etc.
                 There are two methods for the auditor to find out the above:-
1) Observing -- It gives the visible flaws in documentation, machinery condition/ operation, condition of ship, operation of ship
2) Interviewing -- When a safety management procedure exists, the personnel involved should be able to describe their understanding, of the way it is carried out or in some cases provide evidence for the same. The auditor should compare the participants statement against standard procedure. If it is not, it may lead to personal harm, damage to ship/cargo/ environment. This will be an NC.
    Thus this may indicate the requirement of on board training of personnel.

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