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SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPELLER CURVE

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The traditional agent employed to move a ship is a propeller. The necessary propeller thrust, T, required to move the ship at speed V, is normally greater than the pertaining resistance Rt. The thrust of a propeller depends on its size, the angle of attack of its blades and the speed at which it spins. By convention, propellers are described by diameter and pitch in that order. The diameter of propeller is governed by its speed of rotation and the power of the engine rotating it. For example a 20 H.P. engine would drive a 14 inch propeller at about 1500 rpm. If the propeller had too  small surface area for the power provided it would over speed and cavitate at high revolution, providing little or no thrust. Pitch is dictated by the propeller’s speed of rotation, its percentage of slippage, and the speed required from ship.                                The diagram power vs shaft speed, the so cal...
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CRITICAL EQUIPMENT AND OPERATION UNDER ISM CODE.

Critical equipments are equipments whose failure will lead to a potential hazardous situation or an accident, thereby causing injury to personnel or loss of life or damage to marine environment or property. This causes deviation or failure of the ISM objective 1.2.2 of ISM code. PROVISION IN ISM :- Element 10.3 of ISM code states----      The company should establish procedures in its safety management system to identify equipment and technical system, the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situation. The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the reliability of such equipment or systems. These measures should include the regular testing of standby arrangement or equipment or technical systems that are not in continuous use.      Hence SMS must have with respect to the critical equipment have procedures:- 1) To identify them 2) To ensure their test and functional reliability 3) To establish and use th...
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Various codes of PSC inspection and how to present to PSCO in case IOPP equipment is not working

Following are the various codes which are used to represent Action to be taken by vessel against the deficiency reported:- Deficiency Action Codes 10 deficiency rectified 15 rectify deficiency at next port 16 rectify deficiency within 14 days 17 rectify deficiency before departure 18 rectify deficiency within 3 months  30 detainable deficiency 99 other (specify) Note: For ISM deficiencies, only code 10, 18 and 30 can be used. Restrictions on Updating Codes Both codes 15 and 16 can only be updated to code 10. Code 17 can only be updated to code 10, 15, 16 and 99. Code 18 can only be updated to code 10. Code 30 can only be updated to: - code 10 or 18 (ISM def.) - code 10 or 99 (non - ISM def.) Code 18 can only be updated to code 10. We will discuss one case where 15 ppm equipment has started malfunctioning just before the arrival of the port. After investigating it was found that the  coalescer filter has become very dirty and because o...
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